Romans 9:27-29

²⁷ Isaiah also cries out concerning Israel: “Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, the remnant will be saved.

²⁸ For He will finish the work and cut it short in righteousness, because the Lord will make a short work upon the earth.”

²⁹ And as Isaiah said before: “Unless the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we would have become like Sodom, and we would have been made like Gomorrah.”

Verse 27-28 quote from Isaiah 10:22-23 — For though thy people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant of them shall return: the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness. For the Lord GOD of hosts shall make a consumption, even determined, in the midst of all the land. Referring to the coming Assyrian captivity and end times.

work (v.28) — should be “word” (Logos) — what the Lord fulfills

Verse 28 — God will cut short the time to preserve the remnant. (The last part of the verse isn’t in the best manuscripts.)

Verse 29 quote from Isaiah 1:9 — Except the LORD of hosts had left unto us a very small remnant, we should have been as Sodom, and we should have been like unto Gomorrah.

Sabaoth = Hebrew word for “hosts”

Paul uses Isaiah’s prophecy, still unfulfilled, about a remnant of Israel that will be saved in the end times to refer to a remnant saved by grace in this age.

Seed — the believing remnant in the future.