John 19:17-24

17 And He, bearing His cross, went out to a place called the Place of a Skull, which is called in Hebrew, Golgotha,

18 where they crucified Him, and two others with Him, one on either side, and Jesus in the center.

19 Now Pilate wrote a title and put it on the cross. And the writing was:JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.

20 Then many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.

21 Therefore the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘He said, “I am the King of the Jews.”‘”

22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took His garments and made four parts, to each soldier a part, and also the tunic. Now the tunic was without seam, woven from the top in one piece.

24 They said therefore among themselves, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be,” that the Scripture might be fulfilled which says, “They divided My garments among them, And for My clothing they cast lots.” Therefore the soldiers did these things.

bearing His cross (v. 17) — fulfilling the type of Isaac (Genesis 22:6)

Matthew (Matthew 27:32) says that a man named Simon carried the cross. We don’t know why John’s account is different. Commentaries speculate, but the Bible doesn’t say.

Golgotha (v. 17) —  It’s not known where this was except that it was outside the gates of Jerusalem (Hebrews 13:12) — as was the sin offering (Leviticus 16:27).

Christ was crucified between two criminals — Isaiah 53:12; Luke 23:39-43

It was customary to carry a plaque before a criminal on the way to his execution that explained his crime and then to nail it to the cross as a warning (v. 19).

Hebrew (Aramaic) was the language of the Jews. Greek was the language of the Gentiles. Latin was the political court language.

tunic (v. 23) — inner garment

quote (v. 24) is from Psalm 22:18.

The name “Calvary” is from the Latin calvaria = skull.